from small one page howto to huge articles all in one place

search text in:




Other .linuxhowtos.org sites: www.linuxhowtos.org
toolsntoys.linuxhowtos.org



Last additions:
How to make X listen on port 6000

How to make X listen on port 6000

words:

34

views:

86223

userrating:

average rating: 1.2 (52 votes) (1=very good 6=terrible)


May, 25th 2007:
April, 26th 2007:
Apr, 10th. 2007:
Druckversion . pdf icon
You are here: Tutorials per portage category->net-misc->openssh

Create a chrooted ssh user

This tutorial explains how to install and configure a chroot enviroment for an ssh user. This setup enables you to give out ssh accounts without having to fear that this user can see all files on the system.

Installing ssh

First you need to have a patched version of the sshd server. Luckily these patches can be enabled with the use flag "chroot" in the sshd use flags.
#echo "net-misc/openssh chroot" >> /etc/portage/package.use
#emerge openssh

creating the chroot enviroment

We will create our chroot enviroment in /home/chroot.
To make the chroot work, run the following commands to make the needed directories and devices for the chrooted user.
mkdir /home/chroot/
mkdir /home/chroot/home/
cd /home/chroot
mkdir etc
mkdir bin
mkdir lib
mkdir usr
mkdir usr/bin
mkdir dev
mknod dev/null c 1 3
mknod dev/zero c 1 5

Now we need to populate the directories with some binaries.
copy the following script into a file. If you need more apps, add them
to the APPS line.

APPS="/bin/bash /bin/ls /bin/mkdir /bin/mv /bin/pwd /bin/rm /usr/bin/id /usr/bin/ssh /bin/ping /usr/bin/dircolors"
for prog in $APPS; do
cp $prog ./$prog

# obtain a list of related libraries
ldd $prog > /dev/null
if [ "$?" = 0 ] ; then
LIBS=`ldd $prog | awk '{ print $3 }'`
for l in $LIBS; do
mkdir ./`dirname $l` > /dev/null 2>&1
cp $l ./$l
done
fi
done

After you have run the script, your chroot enviroment is almost done.
run

cp /lib/libnss_compat.so.2 /lib/libnsl.so.1 /lib/libnss_files.so.2 ./lib/
echo '#!/bin/bash' > usr/bin/groups
echo "id -Gn" >> usr/bin/groups
touch etc/passwd
grep /etc/passwd -e "^root" > etc/passwd
to copy some libraries and user information into the chroot.
You should also copy the line of the group in which you will create new users from /etc/group to /home/chroot/etc/group. In this tutorial we will create users in the group users, so we do this:
grep /etc/group -e "^root" -e "^users" > etc/group

and restart SSH:
/etc/init.d/ssh restart

Creating chrooted users

ssh decides which user should be chrooted and which not by the "home directory" entry in the /etc/passwd.
Example for a non-chrooted user:
user_a:x:2002:100:User A:/home/user_a:/bin/bash
This user will be chrooted:
user_b:x:2003:100:User B:/home/chroot/./home/user_b:/bin/bash
Now lets add a testuser to the chrooted user list:
useradd -s /bin/bash -m -d /home/chroot/./home/testuser -c "testuser" -g users testuser

Then we give testuser a password:
passwd testuser

Finally, we have to copy the line for testuser in /etc/passwd to /home/chroot/etc/passwd:
grep /etc/passwd -e "^testuser" >> /home/chroot/etc/passwd


Now log in as testuser and see if everything worked.

Have fun
back



Support us on Content Nation

New Packages

- as rdf newsfeed
- as rss newsfeed
- as Atom newsfeed
2026-06-24
ant-ivy - 2.5.3
Ebuild name:

dev-java/ant-ivy-2.5.3

Description

Ivy is a free java based dependency manager

Added to portage

2026-06-24

assertj-core - 3.27.7
Ebuild name:

dev-java/assertj-core-3.27.7

Description

Rich and fluent assertions for testing for Java

Added to portage

2026-06-24

awscli - 1.45.35
Ebuild name:

app-admin/awscli-1.45.35

Description

Universal Command Line Environment for AWS

Added to portage

2026-06-24

bcmail - 1.84
Ebuild name:

dev-java/bcmail-1.84

Description

The Bouncy Castle Java S/MIME APIs for handling S/MIME protocols

Added to portage

2026-06-24

bcpg - 1.84
Ebuild name:

dev-java/bcpg-1.84

Description

Java cryptography APIs

Added to portage

2026-06-24

bcpkix - 1.84
Ebuild name:

dev-java/bcpkix-1.84

Description

Java APIs for CMS, PKCS, EAC, TSP, CMP, CRMF, OCSP, and certificate generation

Added to portage

2026-06-24

bcprov - 1.84
Ebuild name:

dev-java/bcprov-1.84

Description

Java cryptography APIs

Added to portage

2026-06-24

bcutil - 1.84
Ebuild name:

dev-java/bcutil-1.84

Description

Java APIs for ASN.1 extension and utility APIs used to support bcpkix and bctl

Added to portage

2026-06-24

bear - 4.1.4
Ebuild name:

dev-util/bear-4.1.4

Description

A tool that generates a compilation database for clang tooling

Added to portage

2026-06-24

blake3 - 1.0.9
Ebuild name:

dev-python/blake3-1.0.9

Description

Python bindings for the BLAKE3 cryptographic hash function

Added to portage

2026-06-24

boto3 - 1.43.35
Ebuild name:

dev-python/boto3-1.43.35

Description

The AWS SDK for Python

Added to portage

2026-06-24

botocore - 1.43.35
Ebuild name:

dev-python/botocore-1.43.35

Description

Low-level, data-driven core of boto 3

Added to portage

2026-06-24

coverage - 7.14.3
Ebuild name:

dev-python/coverage-7.14.3

Description

Code coverage measurement for Python

Added to portage

2026-06-24

cutechess - 1.5.1
Ebuild name:

games-board/cutechess-1.5.1

Description

Cross-platform tools for working with chess engines

Added to portage

2026-06-24

deepmerge - 2.1.0
Ebuild name:

dev-python/deepmerge-2.1.0

Description

Tools to handle merging of nested data structures in python

Added to portage

2026-06-24

desktop-file-utils - 0.28-r1
Ebuild name:

dev-util/desktop-file-utils-0.28-r1

Description

Command line utilities to work with desktop menu entries

Added to portage

2026-06-24

duckdb - 1.5.4
Ebuild name:

dev-db/duckdb-1.5.4

Description

high-performance analytical database system

Added to portage

2026-06-24

fgl - 5.8.3.1
Ebuild name:

dev-haskell/fgl-5.8.3.1

Description

Martin Erwig's Functional Graph Library

Added to portage

2026-06-24

gentoo-dtd - 20260615
Ebuild name:

app-text/gentoo-dtd-20260615

Description

Document Type Definition for Gentoo-related XML files

Added to portage

2026-06-24

gnome-commander - 2.0.3
Ebuild name:

gnome-extra/gnome-commander-2.0.3

Description

A graphical, full featured, twin-panel file manager

Added to portage

2026-06-24

gnu-regexp - 1.1.4-r5
Ebuild name:

dev-java/gnu-regexp-1.1.4-r5

Description

GNU regular expression package for Java

Added to portage

2026-06-24

hspec-contrib - 0.5.2
Ebuild name:

dev-haskell/hspec-contrib-0.5.2

Description

Contributed functionality for Hspec

Added to portage

2026-06-24

jackcess - 4.0.10
Ebuild name:

dev-java/jackcess-4.0.10

Description

A pure Java library for reading from and writing to MS Access databases

Added to portage

2026-06-24

just - 1.52.0
Ebuild name:

dev-build/just-1.52.0

Description

Just a command runner (with syntax inspired by 'make')

Added to portage

2026-06-24

log4j-12-api - 2.26.0
Ebuild name:

dev-java/log4j-12-api-2.26.0

Description

The Apache Log4j 1.x Compatibility API

Added to portage

2026-06-24

log4j-api - 2.26.0
Ebuild name:

dev-java/log4j-api-2.26.0

Description

The Apache Log4j API

Added to portage

2026-06-24

log4j-core - 2.26.0
Ebuild name:

dev-java/log4j-core-2.26.0

Description

The Apache Log4j Implementation

Added to portage

2026-06-24

mistune - 3.3.2
Ebuild name:

dev-python/mistune-3.3.2

Description

The fastest markdown parser in pure Python

Added to portage

2026-06-24

perl - 5.44.0_rc1
Ebuild name:

dev-lang/perl-5.44.0_rc1

Description

Larry Wall's Practical Extraction and Report Language

Added to portage

2026-06-24

phonenumbers - 9.0.33
Ebuild name:

dev-python/phonenumbers-9.0.33

Description

Python port of Google's libphonenumber

Added to portage

2026-06-24

poi - 5.5.1
Ebuild name:

dev-java/poi-5.5.1

Description

Java API to access Mocrosoft format files

Added to portage

2026-06-24

prettytable - 3.18.0
Ebuild name:

dev-python/prettytable-3.18.0

Description

Easily displaying tabular data in a visually appealing ASCII table fo

Added to portage

2026-06-24

pyfuse3 - 3.5.0
Ebuild name:

dev-python/pyfuse3-3.5.0

Description

Python 3 bindings for libfuse 3 with asynchronous API

Added to portage

2026-06-24

pypdf - 6.14.0
Ebuild name:

dev-python/pypdf-6.14.0

Description

Python library to work with PDF files

Added to portage

2026-06-24

python - 0.3.15.0_beta3
Ebuild name:

dev-lang/python-0.3.15.0_beta3

Description

Freethreading (no-GIL) version of Python programming language

Added to portage

2026-06-24

python - 3.15.0_beta3
Ebuild name:

dev-lang/python-3.15.0_beta3

Description

An interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language

Added to portage

2026-06-24

python-tests - 0.3.15.0_beta3
Ebuild name:

dev-python/python-tests-0.3.15.0_beta3

Description

Test modules from dev-lang/python

Added to portage

2026-06-24

python-tests - 3.15.0_beta3
Ebuild name:

dev-python/python-tests-3.15.0_beta3

Description

Test modules from dev-lang/python

Added to portage

2026-06-24

sccache - 0.16.0
Ebuild name:

dev-util/sccache-0.16.0

Description

ccache/distcc like tool with support for rust and cloud storage

Added to portage

2026-06-24

setuptools-scm - 10.1.1
Ebuild name:

dev-python/setuptools-scm-10.1.1

Description

Manage versions by scm tags via setuptools

Added to portage

2026-06-24

setuptools-scm - 10.1.2
Ebuild name:

dev-python/setuptools-scm-10.1.2

Description

Manage versions by scm tags via setuptools

Added to portage

2026-06-24

shellcheck - 0.11.0
Ebuild name:

dev-util/shellcheck-0.11.0

Description

Shell script analysis tool

Added to portage

2026-06-24

shelltestrunner - 1.11
Ebuild name:

dev-util/shelltestrunner-1.11

Description

Easy, repeatable testing of CLI programs/commands

Added to portage

2026-06-24

sqlmap - 1.10.6
Ebuild name:

dev-db/sqlmap-1.10.6

Description

An automatic SQL injection and database takeover tool

Added to portage

2026-06-24

trang - 20241231-r1
Ebuild name:

app-text/trang-20241231-r1

Description

Multi-format schema converter based on RELAX NG

Added to portage

2026-06-24

translate-toolkit - 3.19.12
Ebuild name:

dev-python/translate-toolkit-3.19.12

Description

Toolkit to convert between many translation formats

Added to portage

2026-06-24

unison-lang-bin - 1.3.0-r1
Ebuild name:

dev-lang/unison-lang-bin-1.3.0-r1

Description

A friendly programming language from the future

Added to portage

2026-06-24

vcs-versioning - 2.1.0
Ebuild name:

dev-python/vcs-versioning-2.1.0

Description

Core VCS versioning functionality from setuptools-scm

Added to portage

2026-06-24

yara-x - 1.18.0
Ebuild name:

app-forensics/yara-x-1.18.0

Description

A malware identification and classification tool

Added to portage

2026-06-24

zeroconf - 0.150.0
Ebuild name:

dev-python/zeroconf-0.150.0

Description

Pure Python Multicast DNS Service Discovery Library (Bonjour/Avahi comp

Added to portage

2026-06-24

2026-06-23
courier - 2.0.1
Ebuild name:

mail-mta/courier-2.0.1

Description

An MTA designed specifically for maildirs

Added to portage

2026-06-23

courier-authlib - 0.73.0
Ebuild name:

net-libs/courier-authlib-0.73.0

Description

Courier authentication library

Added to portage

2026-06-23

courier-unicode - 2.6.0
Ebuild name:

net-libs/courier-unicode-2.6.0

Description

Unicode library used by the courier mail server

Added to portage

2026-06-23

pkgcheck - 0.10.39-r1
Ebuild name:

dev-util/pkgcheck-0.10.39-r1

Description

pkgcore-based QA utility for ebuild repos

Added to portage

2026-06-23

rspamd - 4.0.1-r1
Ebuild name:

mail-filter/rspamd-4.0.1-r1

Description

Rapid spam filtering system

Added to portage

2026-06-23

rspamd - 4.1.1
Ebuild name:

mail-filter/rspamd-4.1.1

Description

Rapid spam filtering system

Added to portage

2026-06-23

spyder-kernels - 3.1.4_p20260622
Ebuild name:

dev-python/spyder-kernels-3.1.4_p20260622

Description

Kernels used by spyder on its ipython console

Added to portage

2026-06-23

zdkimfilter - 3.24
Ebuild name:

mail-filter/zdkimfilter-3.24

Description

DKIM filter for Courier-MTA

Added to portage

2026-06-23

rdf newsfeed | rss newsfeed | Atom newsfeed
Copyright 2004-2025 Sascha Nitsch Unternehmensberatung GmbH
- Copyright and legal notices -
Time to create this page: 88.1 ms